Orangutans are large arboreal great apes native to the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra in Southeast Asia. Orangutans have a shaggy coat of reddish-brown fur, which varies in shade between Sumatran and Bornean species. Adult males develop distinctive cheek pads called flanges, which are used in vocalizations and dominance displays. They are primarily found in tropical rainforests, where they spend most of their time in trees. Orangutans are uniquely adapted for life in the canopy, with long arms and grasping hands and feet. Orangutans are primarily frugivorous, meaning they mainly eat fruits. They also consume leaves, flowers, bark, and occasionally insects. Their diet varies seasonally based on fruit availability. Orangutans are largely solitary, with adult males being generally solitary and territorial. Females and their offspring form loose associations, but they do not live in cohesive social groups like other great apes. Female orangutans give birth to a single offspring every 6-8 years, one of the longest interbirth intervals among mammals. The young orangutan stays with its mother for several years, learning essential survival skills. Orangutans are critically endangered primarily due to habitat loss from logging, agriculture (especially palm oil plantations), and illegal hunting. Conservation efforts focus on protecting their remaining habitats and rehabilitating orphaned and displaced orangutans.

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