The Great Wall [120], also known as the Great Wall, was an ancient Chinese military fortification, a tall, strong, and continuous wall that was used to limit the movement of enemy cavalry. The Great Wall is not a simple city wall, but a defense system with the city wall as the main body and a large number of cities, barriers, pavilions and beacons. Based on the Great Wall, the Great Wall culture was formed. It is an important force to carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture. [136] [138]The history of the construction of the Great Wall can be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty, where the famous allusion The Princes of the Beacon Opera occurred in the capital city of Haojing (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi) [1-6]. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the countries competed for hegemony and defended each other, and the construction of the Great Wall entered the first climax, but the length of the construction at this time was relatively short. After Qin destroyed the Six Kingdoms and unified the world, Qin Shi Huang connected and repaired the Great Wall of the Warring States Period, and it was called the Great Wall of Ten Thousand Miles [6]. The Ming Dynasty was the last dynasty to overhaul the Great Wall, and most of the Great Wall was built at this time [7] [19].The resources of the Great Wall are mainly distributed in 15 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government in Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Henan, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang. Among them, the length of Hebei Province is 2498.54 km [137], and the length of Shaanxi Province is 1838 km [8-16]. According to the results of a nationwide survey of the Great Wall resources conducted by the Department of Cultural Relics and Surveying and Mapping, the total length of the Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty was 8,851.8 km, and the Great Wall in the Qin, Han and early dynasties exceeded 10,000 km, with a total length of more than 21,000 km [17]. The existing cultural relics of the Great Wall include various relics such as the Great Wall wall, moats, boundary moats, single buildings, guanbao, and related facilities, with a total of more than 43,000 sites (blocks sections) [18].In December 1987, the Great Wall was listed as a World Heritage Site [19]. On November 26, 2020, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage released the first batch of national-level important points of the Great Wall

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