Vitis vinifera common grape vine is a species of Vitis, native to the Mediterranean region, central Europe, and southwestern Asia, from Morocco and northern Portugal to southern Germany and east to northern Iran. There are currently between 5,000 and 10,000 varieties of Vitis vinifera grapes though only a few are of commercial significance for wine and table grape production. It is a liana growing to 35 yards 32 m in length, with flaky bark. The leaves are alternate, palmately lobed, 5–20 cm 2.0–7.9 in long and broad. The fruit is a berry, known as a grape; in the wild species it is 6 mm 0.24 in diameter and ripens dark purple to blackish with a pale wax bloom; in cultivated plants it is usually much larger, up to 3 cm 1.2 in long, and can be green, red, or purple black. The species typically occurs in humid forests and streamsides.

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